Incoterms 2020 chart
The eleven Incoterms 2020 rules on one page: where the seller delivers and the risk passes, who pays for the main transport, who clears the goods, and who insures them.
Swipe the table sideways for every column.
| Rule | Mode | Risk passes to the buyer | Main transport paid by | Export clearance | Import clearance | Insurance |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EXWEx Works | Any mode | At the seller's premises (or other named place), when the goods are made available to the buyer, not loaded | Buyer | Buyer | Buyer | Not required (buyer usually insures) |
| FCAFree Carrier | Any mode | When the seller hands the goods to the buyer's carrier at the named place | Buyer | Seller | Buyer | Not required |
| CPTCarriage Paid To | Any mode | When the seller hands the goods to the first carrier (risk passes before the main carriage the seller pays for) | Seller | Seller | Buyer | Not required |
| CIPCarriage and Insurance Paid To | Any mode | When the seller hands the goods to the first carrier | Seller | Seller | Buyer | Seller, at Institute Cargo Clauses (A) level |
| DAPDelivered at Place | Any mode | At the named place of destination, ready for unloading | Seller | Seller | Buyer | Not required |
| DPUDelivered at Place Unloaded | Any mode | At the named place of destination, once unloaded by the seller | Seller | Seller | Buyer | Not required |
| DDPDelivered Duty Paid | Any mode | At the named place of destination, cleared for import, ready for unloading | Seller | Seller | Seller (including import duties and taxes) | Not required |
| FASFree Alongside Ship | Sea and inland waterway only | When the goods are placed alongside the vessel at the named port of shipment | Buyer | Seller | Buyer | Not required |
| FOBFree On Board | Sea and inland waterway only | When the goods are on board the vessel at the named port of shipment | Buyer | Seller | Buyer | Not required |
| CFRCost and Freight | Sea and inland waterway only | When the goods are on board the vessel at the port of shipment (before the main carriage the seller pays for) | Seller | Seller | Buyer | Not required |
| CIFCost, Insurance and Freight | Sea and inland waterway only | When the goods are on board the vessel at the port of shipment | Seller | Seller | Buyer | Seller, at least Institute Cargo Clauses (C) level |
How to read the chart
Seven rules work for any mode of transport; FAS, FOB, CFR and CIF are for sea and inland waterway transport only. Under CIF the seller must insure at least to the Institute Cargo Clauses (C); CIP requires the higher Institute Cargo Clauses (A). DPU replaced DAT in the 2020 edition. For container shipments, FCA, CPT and CIP fit better than FOB, CFR and CIF, because a sealed container cannot be checked as it is loaded on board.
The chart is a summary. The full obligations of each rule are set out in the ICC's Incoterms 2020 publication.
Sources
- Incoterms 2020 introduction, International Chamber of Commerce
- Incoterms 2020, International Chamber of Commerce
- Know your Incoterms, International Trade Administration (trade.gov)
- Incoterms 2020: everything you need to know, Netherlands Chamber of Commerce (KVK)